As you embark on Ethereum development, you'll encounter new architectural challenges when building your first blockchain-based application. Traditional client-server models now incorporate a third crucial component: the blockchain. This article explores common Ethereum application scenarios, focusing on interactions between these three elements.
Serverless Applications: Client-Blockchain Interaction
The most straightforward Ethereum application model operates entirely between client and blockchain without server infrastructure.
Distributing Client Code
Host web3-enabled apps as static pages on services like:
- AWS S3
- Google Cloud Storage
- GitHub Pages
- Decentralized platforms (Swarm/IPFS)
Blockchain Querying
Applications need active Ethereum node connections to read blockchain data. Consider these approaches:
- Existing Client Connections: Users with Mist browser or MetaMask plugin already have node access
- Public Nodes: For read-only operations, connect to services like Infura's free public nodes
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Transaction Submission
For state-changing actions, solutions vary by user setup:
- MetaMask/Mist Users: Built-in transaction signing
Manual Transactions: Guide users through complex manual submissions
- Include data fields for contract interactions
- Implement fallback functions to prevent fund loss
- Proxy Contracts: Simplify voting mechanisms and similar operations
Embedded Wallet Solutions
For frictionless transactions, applications can:
- Generate and encrypt new accounts
- Handle transaction signing client-side
- Relay signed transactions to public nodes
Server-Blockchain Integration
When incorporating server components, consider these approaches:
Local Node Setup
- Run private Geth/Parity nodes
- Keep minimal funds in unlocked accounts
- Secure JSON RPC endpoints
Offline Signing
- Sign transactions offline
- Relay through public nodes
- Implement multi-node verification for security
Orchestrating Complete Systems
Client-Server Coordination
- Event Monitoring: Listen for contract events on both sides
- Transaction Confirmation: Wait for 12+ confirmations before acting
- Notification Systems: Inform users of unconfirmed transactions
Server Responsibilities
While blockchain handles core logic, servers remain essential for:
- Third-party service integration
- Data indexing and search
- Large-scale storage (with on-chain verification)
- Complex computations exceeding gas limits
Emerging decentralized solutions like Filecoin and Truebit may eventually reduce server dependence.
FAQ
Why use MetaMask with Ethereum applications?
MetaMask provides secure account management and transaction signing without requiring users to run full nodes, simplifying the user experience while maintaining security.
How many confirmations should I wait for?
Wait for 12-15 block confirmations for high-value transactions, though you can inform users of successful-but-unconfirmed transactions earlier.
What are the alternatives to running my own node?
Services like Infura provide reliable access to Ethereum nodes without the maintenance overhead of running your own infrastructure.
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Conclusion
Designing Ethereum applications requires careful consideration of how clients, servers, and blockchain components interact. Whether implementing serverless models or complex hybrid architectures, focus on security, user experience, and proper coordination between all system components.
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